Barriers, or “limits” (Exodus 19:12, 23), were set up as a kind of exclusion zone at the base of the mountain that was “wrapped in smoke because the LORD had descended on it in fire” (19:18). The whole mountain trembled violently, and the sound of the trumpet grew louder and louder. God was coming down to give His laws to the people.
A New Expression of God’s Grace
The law of God was never a ladder for unsaved people to climb up to heaven. It was always a pattern of life for God’s people who had been saved from judgment by the blood of the Lamb. That’s why the Ten Commandments begin with God reminding His people, “I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery” (20:2).
God was not saying, “I’m giving you these commandments so that by keeping them you may become My people.” He was saying, “I am giving you these commandments because you already are My people.” The commandments are not telling you what you must do to be saved. They are mapping out the life to which God calls you when He saves you by grace, through faith in the Lord Jesus Christ.
A Glimpse of the Glory of God
In the New Testament, sin is defined as falling short of the glory of God and as breaking the law (Romans 3:23; 1 John 3:4). Putting these two together, we may reasonably conclude that the law is an expression of God’s glory.
Why should you not commit adultery? Because God is faithful. Why should you not steal? Because God can be trusted. Why should you not lie? Because God speaks the truth. Why should you not covet? Because God is at peace and content in Himself.
When God says, “You shall have no other gods before me” (Exodus 20:3), it is because He is the only God. There is no one else like Him. And when God commands that we rest on one day of the week, it is because He rested from His work on the seventh day.
God’s commands were given to His own redeemed people. If you belong to Him, they are for you. God says to you, “You are mine, so model your life on who I am, and this is what a godly life looks like.”
A Mirror Reflecting the Love of God
God is love, and the Ten Commandments spell out what a life of love looks like. Our Lord Jesus was asked on one occasion, “Which is the great commandment in the Law?” (Matthew 22:36). Instead of picking one, Jesus wrapped them all together and said, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind. This is the great and first commandment. And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself” (Matthew 22:37–39).
What does a life of love look like in practice? The Ten Commandments give the answer. The first four commandments tell us what loving God looks like:
1. You have no other gods before the Lord.
2. You don’t make an image. You love God as He is, not as you would like or imagine Him to be.
3. You honor God’s name, and never use it in vain.
4. You give God time—time to worship, time to serve, and time to remember that ahead of you is a vast eternity for which you must prepare.
The last six commandments tell us what it means to love your neighbor as yourself:
5. It starts at home with the first people God puts in your life: honor your father and mother.
6. It means you revere human life as a sacred gift of God.
7. It means that you are faithful to your spouse
8. It means you can be trusted not to take advantage of the weakness and vulnerability of others.
9. It means that you are true to your word and that your word is true.
10. It means that you rejoice in what God has given to others, rather than coveting what He gave to others for yourself.
The Ten Commandments are a mirror reflecting the glory of God. God is love, and He calls us to reflect who He is. What that looks like is spelled out in the Ten Commandments.
An X-ray of the Soul
I remember a visit to the dentist that I’d been putting off for a long time, mainly because I had no pain. The experience was not encouraging.
My dentist took some X-rays and then held them up to the light. “Mmmm… Oh dear!… Nasty. There’s a lot of decay underneath these fillings,” he said.
“But I have no pain,” I insisted. He didn’t seem impressed. “You’re going to need some pretty major work,” he said, “and the sooner, the better.”
Many people go through life with no sense of pain over their spiritual condition. They make the false assumption that things are well with them and that, having lived generally respectable lives, they are in good spiritual shape. But God’s law is like an X-ray of the soul. It shows us that we are people who find it difficult to let God be God, and that it is natural for us to love ourselves more than other people.
The first reason you need Jesus Christ is not that you’ll have a richer, fuller, and more satisfying life. It is that you are a sinner by nature and by practice. The X-ray of God’s law shows it.
The law is a good thing, just as X-rays are good, even if they bring us bad news. I didn’t like the news at the dentist, but I was grateful to know about the problem before it got worse. If you don’t know there’s a problem, you won’t pursue the remedy.
Jesus made it clear that the commandments go deeper than our actions. They search out the thoughts and intentions of our hearts. “You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall not commit adultery.’ But I say to you that everyone who looks at a woman with lustful intent has already committed adultery with her in his heart” (Matthew 5:27–28).
A proper understanding of the Ten Commandments will lead you to faith in Jesus Christ (Galatians 3:24). If the law has not yet brought you to Christ, you have missed its greatest purpose. That was the point of Jesus’ statement to the Pharisees: “You search the Scriptures… yet you refuse to come to me” (John 5:39–40). They were busy studying the law, but they missed the whole point, which was to show them their need for Christ.
Laying Track for the Train
The Old Testament story makes it clear that God’s people were not able to keep His law. The law tells us what to do, but it doesn’t give us the power to do it.
Later in the Bible story, God promised a new covenant in which He would not only tell us what to do but also give us the power to move in that direction: “I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules” (Ezekiel 36:27).
Turning Commands into Promises
There’s a great story about a man serving time in prison because he was a thief.1 Stealing was his way of life, until the long arm of the law caught up with him. During his time in prison, he heard the good news of Jesus Christ and was wonderfully converted.
When the time came for his release, the man knew that he would face a great struggle. Most of his old friends were thieves, and it would not be easy for him to break the pattern of his old way of life.
On the first Sunday of his new freedom, he slipped into a church building. The Ten Commandments were inscribed on a plaque at the front, and his eyes were immediately drawn to the words of the command that seemed to condemn him: “You shall not steal.”
That’s the last thing that I need, he thought to himself. I know my weakness. I know my failure, and I know the battle I’m going to have.
As the service progressed, he kept looking at the plaque. And as he reread the words, they seemed to take on a new meaning. Previously he had read these words in the tone of a condemning command: “You shall not steal!” But now it seemed that God was speaking these same words to him as a liberating promise: “You shall not steal!” The man was a new person in Christ, and God was promising that the Holy Spirit would make it possible for him to overcome his old way of life.
When you believe in the Lord Jesus Christ, God will give you His Holy Spirit so that you can live a life that is pleasing to Him. His power will make the difference between a struggle in which you are destined for defeat and a battle in which you will have ultimate victory. The law tells you how God wants you to live. Jesus Christ makes this life possible.
Opened
The law is a mirror that exposes the hidden sins of our lives. Properly understood, it will convict us of our need for a savior and bring us to Christ. And when the Holy Spirit lives in us, the law is no longer a list of impossible demands but a description of new possibilities.
Notes:
1. I heard the story from my friend Charles Price, and am grateful for his permission to use it. See Charles Price, Matthew: Can Anything Good Come Out of Nazareth? (Fearn, Scotland: Christian Focus, 1998), 88.
